Automatic carriage-return mechanism for typewriters



DCC' 1, 1942- F. w. LE PORIN 2,303,943

RETURN MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITERS l Y AUTOMATIC CARR IAGE- 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 27, 1940 INVENTOR /C/PEDEH/C W EPO/WN AUTOMATIC CARRIAGE-RETURN MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed July 27, 1940 Y 3 Sheets--Sheet AI5 Imm@ 1,

Y lNvENToR Ff? DER/C W EPO/WN HTTOHNEY inw@ hh L {-Tl. s@ .www /llx Amm. Q\ QN.

Patented Decrl, 1942 AUTOMATIC CARRIAGE-RETURN MECHA v NIsM Fon 'rYPEWRrrERs fri-dene W. Le rorin, Brooklyn, N. Y., assigner rto William T. Andrews, Old Greenwich, Conn.

Application 'July 27, 1940, serial No. 347,905 1o claims. (c1. 19j-66) This invention relates to automatic return mechanism for carriagesof typewriters, and provides improvements therein. 1 Y

'The automatic returnoperation. isfusually ef- -vfected through a key-lever, andthe cut-orf of the motor mechanism which pulls the carriage on its return movement,.is usually elected vby a means cooperating with a margin-stop on kthe typewriter. Inasmuch as there is a considerablevariation in the construction of diierentfmakes and models of typewriters, great variety is. required in the part of the cut-off mechanism whichcooperates with the margin-stops of differentl makes andmodels of typewriters. It is obvious that there would be great advantages'and improvement in a return mechanism for carriages of typewriters, inclusive of the cut-oir mechanism, which could be applied without substantial variation to many different makes and models of typewriters.

Such a return mechanism for carriages of type- CFI Writers is attained bythe present invention; the

return mechanism for carriages of vtypewriters has a motor cut-offmechanism, which can be applied without substantial variation to manydifferent makes and models of-typewriters. carriage return mechanism is wholly t self-contained and complete requiring no alteration` or attachments to the typewriter other than a driving The or pulling connectionbetween the returnmech- -anism and the typewriter. Thereby one type or form of return mechanism may serve for'any and Y all of the ordinary makes of typewriters.

The invention provides an improved return mechanism for carriages of typewriters having the character of general or universal applicabilityto typewriters as aforesaid, which may be readily set wherein:

for simplicity and clearness.

withtypewriters equipped with long, or extralengthcarriages. n

The carriage return mechanism according t0 the invention can be applied totypewriters with virtually no alterations or additions to the mechanism of the typewriter andwithnc alteration of the-normal functioning -oithe typewriter, the return mechanism functioning collaterally or a1- ternatively withthe manual return operation.

. The invention furtherprovides a mechanism which is very simple, and economical to build and to install, and on vwhich the servicing should be minimum after installation.

l The novelty of the present invention `resides principally in that part of the combination of ele-A ments constituting anvautomatic return mechanism for typewriter carriages whichfunctions to effect the cut-off for stopping of the motor after the carriage return-movement hasv been initiated. The motormechanism and the mechanism Vby which the motor is put into operation to return the carriage. may have various forms, or embodiments.

The.. carriage return mechanism disclosed and claimed in the patent of Frederic W. Le Porin, No. 2,214,906, has many desirable'. features, and parts of that combination areincorporated m theil- Vthe present invention,

lustratedv embodiment of Fig. 1 is a view essentially in elevation of a typewriter anda carriage-return mechanism associated therewith...y The stops and stop-rail appearing atthe top of the gure would normally appear in Aplan but have been-show'nin elevation Fig. 2 is a view of the carriage-return'mechanism in side elevation'.

or adjusted to eect the `cut-orf and stopping of" the carriage atvirtually any desired position in the return movement of the typewriter.

The invention further providesanV improved Y return mechanism for typewriter vcarriages :by

which the carriage on its return movement may be brought against the margin fstop mildly, with little shock. The invention further'attains a mild stopping of the carriage against the'margin stop under diierent conditions of carriage travel; i The f return movements ofcarriages vary, and in such return movements the momentums vary, the momentum of a carriage on a long Vreturn being greater than its momentum on a short return. By the presentinvention this variable automatif cally compensated, and a mild stopping of thec'arriage against its stop is attained irrespective of the vaforesaid variable. This is particularly important Referring' to Fig. 3 is a view ofthe in top plan.

Fig.- 4 is a view in side elevation, viewingthe parts from the opposite direction to the viewpoint of Fig. 3, looking atthem from a plane running in front of the motonFig. 2. In this view the rocking beam IDI `a'ndthe cam |01 have been parts shown in' Fig. 2,

.shown at the front-of the synchronously movable part 80, thesepartsv in the-,other views being located onthe opposite side. o f fthe synchronously movablepart 80. vThishas been doneto facilitate the comprehension ofV the `invention -ifrom the drawings.

Fig. 5 isv a detaiifviewfiilustraug thecontrollerbar 55,"and its relation to the switch and clutch arms.

Fig. 6 is a side elvationuof a modiedforrn of k the de tent.

said drawrlgsahumeral I0 designates a motor having suitable connections to a typewriter carriage C and through which connections the motor operates to return the carriage to a line-beginning position. The putting into operation 'of the motor to effect the return movement of the carriage is effected by any suitable means. The automatic cutting out of the motor and the stopping of the carriage on its return movementiis effected by cutting-oil means having novel and advantageous features hereinafter der scrbed. Y Y 'I'he motor I6 and the means connecting it to the typewriter carriage, and also the means for putting the motor into operation to eect the return movement of the carriage, may advantage ously be similar to those illustrated and described in the patent of Frederic W. Le Porin,` No. 2,214,906. A brief description of the aforesaid parts of the carriage return mechanism will be first given. A description in greater detailV is 'found in said Le. Porin patent.

' The'motor I 6has'afshaft l2, and a worm Il thereon which'me'shes'with a worm gear I6 on a counter shaft I3 having a suitable connection to the typewriter carriage C. As here shown the Vcounter shaft I8 may drive a drum 26'to which is connected one end of a tape 22 the other end of which is attached to thetypewriter carriage C. The tape 22, as hereshown, may be attached to the platen-shift-lever -L on the carriage C.' so

that line spacing may be ee'cted simultaneously with the carriage return. The tape 22, between the .drum 20 and the shift lever L, may be guided in any' suitable and appropriate manner. A bracket B having guide rollers thereon is illustrated. The countershaft i3 is advantageously connected to the drum 26 through a universal joint 24. Y

A clutch 36 is advantageously interposed between the. motor I6 vand the counter-shaft I3. In the construction illustrated, the clutch comprises a toothed disk 32 fastened on the counter-shaft I3 and a toothedV 'disk 34 carried by the worm gear I6. The worm gear I6 is loose on the coun- .,ter-shaft I6, and the counter-shafthas alimited amount of longitudinal movement sothatthe toothed disks 32 and 36 may be brought into and out of engagement. The shifting of the countershaft I3 to eiiec't engagement and disengagement of the clutch 36, may be effected by a forked lever 36 which engages a collar 38 fast on said countershaft. `The forked arm 36, may, as here shown, be acted on by a spring 36 in a direction to engage the clutch. 1 f n Y 'Ihe motor I6, as here shown,'is an electric motor, and it may be started and stopped through a switch 46. The switch I6 has an arm 4I by which it is turned to open and closed position; As shown, a spring 44 acts on the arm 46 in a direction to open the switch.` J

The means for putting the motor into operation to effect return movement of the carriage may, as here shown, comprise key-levers 56 and 5I. The

` key-lever 56 may bedesignated asan automatic full-return key-lever, and the key-lever 5I as an automatic limited-return key-lever. These keylevers 56 and 5I operate upon the Aforked clutchlever 36 and the switch arm 4I through a controller, here shown as aV bar 55 having a limited longitudinal movement, and biased or constrained in one direction by a spring 51. Under the action of the spring 51 the controller bar 55 acts on the clutch lever 36, through a pin 58, in a direction to disengage the clutch.V The controllerbar 55 also acts on the switch arm 4I through a notched portion 56. The switch arm ll is normally acted on by its kspeling M in the direction to open the switch. The switch .46 is closedby the controller bar 55 when it is moved against the action of its spring 51 and contacts with switch' arm 4I`r andV moves it to switch closing'position. At the same time the pin 56 on the controller bar 55 moves away from the clutch lever 36 and allows the clutch lever to be turned by the spring 33 to move the clutch parts 32 and 34 into engagement. y A detent 65 is provided which coacts with an arm 66on the controller bar 55. When the controller bar is pushed against the tension of its spring 51 (towards the leftin Figs. 2 and 3), and the detent 65 is yfree to risethedetcnt engages the arm 66and when so engagedserves tofliqlrd" the controller'bar in clutch and switch-closing positionuntil thedetent 65 vis'actuated to release the controller bar as hereinafter described.

'I'he motor is put into operationV to effect return acts through a pawl 16 Vpivoted on its lower-end, against a pin 1I on the controller bar 55 to'move Y ther-said controller bar 55 against the tension of thespring 51 to a position where-the detent 65 cank rise to engage th'arm. 66 on the controller bar and hold the controller barV in such actuated position until the detent is released. The actuation of the controller bar 55 by the automatic fullreturn key-lever 56 moves the switch arm Il, againstthe action of its spring 44,l to' close the circuit to-the motor I6 through the switch 46 and start the motor in operation. At the same time the pin 53 on controller bar 55 is moved away from V the forked lever 36, allowing its spring 33 to act on the forked lever to move the counter-shaft 33 having the clutch disk 32 thereon, into engagement with-the clutch part `34. When the clutch] I parts are. in engagement, the rotation of the shaft I2 is transmitted to the counter-shaft 3l and to the drum 26. As the drum 26 rotates, the tape 22 winds thereon. The pull of the windingon tape moves the. carriage'to the right, Yto-'ftt position where line writing isto begin.` With the tape 22 attached to the spacing lever Lithe platen `roller on ther carriage `is Amoved "forward inra manner well understood,so-that the typing begins one or more spaces below the previously completed line of typewriting. v

When the autor-tatie limited-return 'key lever 5| is depressed itacts against the pin 13 on the controller bar 55 to` move said controller bar against the tension oflits spring 51 (toward the left, Figs. 2 and 3) toclose the clutch and switch, just as when the key lever E6 is depressed, except when the key lever 5! is depressed the detent 55 does not act to retain the controller bar 55 in its key actuated position. 'Ihe key lever 5I yhas an arched projection 15U thereon which comes into contact with the detent 65 when :the key lever 5I is"` depressed, and therebyV holds the detent 65 depressed so that it cannot engage the arm 66 on the controllerbar 55, andthe controller bar is free to return under the action of thespring 51 when the 4ke`y 'lever 5f is released.

When the controller bar 55 is engaged by the Vdetent 65 the motor continues to return thc 'carriage until the controller bar 55zis released by the detent 65.1 The point of release of the detent 65 corresponds with the position of the typewriter carriage o n 'its return movement at which line writing is to begin. The actual release of the said projection 95.

the controller bar 55 by the detent 65 is preferablyeffectedv slightly to .10 spaces for exam-- ple) before the margin stop X strikes the carriage stop Y, so that the stops X and Y may' vcome together with a `mild impact under the influence ofthe carriage momentum Aand Ithe counter action ofthe usual carriage feed spring (not shown) Y Y Typewriters differ 'quite'V considerablyas to makes and models. Heretoforethe' means-for cutting oi the action of the carriage-return motor, have been associated with a margin stop orwsimilar part of the carriage on the typewriter, and this requires considerable differences in the cutting off mechanism Afor different types and models of typewriters. -According to this inven- Y tion, the cutting oi means isY oi ofthe type- Vwriter` carriage, and has thesame construction for many makes and models of typewriters.

According to the present invention the cutting- Y0E means comprises a part 80, off of the typewriter carriage, which `moves in synchronism with the typewriter carriage, and which is constructed and arranged to coactr with'thepmotor cutting-oigrneans (switch, or switch and clutch) to cut off the" motor' at Va position of the synchronously movable part 80 corresponding to a predetermined position of the carriage C at Vwhich line-writing is to begin, or proximate thereto.:

` Suitable means are provided for bringing about30 movemeniofmthe part-80 in synchronism with thecarriage `In the illustrated mbodiment this jmay'be effected by a gearingeeonne'cted with the' drum 20. As here shown, the drum 20,;may-carry a'notched disk 82 which engages a star-wheel 83'.- The star-wheel 83 advantageously,... drives the synchronously movablepart 80 througha reduc-,

tion gearing comprising the gears 84,185, 86. The synchronously movable .part 80 is advantageously mesh with the gear-06,V and is carried on a movable part 89 by which the teeth 81 thereonmay be nio/eTintoand-ouiof'mesl'rwith the gealr.,v The action of thdc'tion geaiigis advantageusly such that the `synchronously'movable part 80 has somewhat less thanfBGOQ-offangular movement for such vnumber of rotationsfof the drum 20 as may result fromY its connection throughthe tape 22Wto the carriage-G, throughout the full movement of the carriage. The

:length of travel of the ordinary typewriter carbe provided with a stud or projection 95, and the detent.65 may be provided with a coacting partv 96 which is located in the path of movement of Coacting part 96 may-be va small projection on the detent 65, as shown in Fig. 6. In the other views illustrated the said coacting part 96 is formed on a separate part-98 connected to the detent 65 and having an advancing and retarding movement with relation to the stud r95, arnd" Vforming part of the. mechanism whereby Vthe cutting-oil of the-motor is automatically varied to compensate for differences of carriage momentum due to diierencesof distance oi.' carriage return. The part 98 is a oatingpart having a pin and slot connection with the detent 65, as indicated at. 99, and also having a pivotal connection to a rocking beam |0|, as indicated at |02. 'Ihe'rocking beam I0| is pivoted, as indicated'at |03, and has an. arm |05 which bears `on a rcam I01'fixed to or turning with the syn-- chronously movable part 80. .The arm |05 of the rocking., beam HI0| is normallyv constrained to bearon Vthecam vI0I lby aspringfl09. The. rocking beam also has thereon anarcuate por- Y tion II| which coacts with a clamp |I3 in such manner that the arm |05 ofthe rocking beam 10| is held in-an elevatedposition,.and unable',l

during a certain partof n the operation of the' device, -to follow the Vcam :i 01. While` the rocking vbeam|0| Vis held bythe clamp II3, as aforesaid,

Vrocking beam I0I. The pivoted arm .|.I5 hasY a heel ||9 located in the path of movement oi aY stud |20 carried by the controller bar 55. When vthe controllerjbar .V55-is in clutchand'switch .closing vposicion ctowardthe left in rig. 2) ,the stud, |20 thereon moves away .from the heel `I I9, and allows the spring |22, acting on'saidclamping/,arm |I5, to move said amr-H5 on its pivot."-

and bring it intoclamping vrelationwith the arcuate -portion -II| .of the rocking beam |01! When the controller bar 55 is infswitch andnQ i clutch opening position the stud |20 thereon acts against -the heel |I9so as to turn the clamping arm I I5 to bring Vthe roller I|1 thereon to a position on or slightly beyondthe arc of said arcuate portion III. This position oftheclamping'arm I5 is illustratedin Fig. Y2.. Bylreason of the relationship of the Vpivot .|03 offthe rocking ,beam

- a disk which is provided with gear teeth 81 whieh-Q Illindrthe pivot ||6 of the arm H5, the roller `I I1 on'arm 5 movestowardthearcuate portion .YIII *when the stud |20 von controllerfb'ar v55 lis lmoved vaway from/.the heel'lISand the spring i |22 is free to tumjar 5 on' 'pivot mi;4 As 10mg Yas stud |20l on controller bar 55 vactswoirifthe heel ||9 of clamping arm |I5, thefrocking-beamf|0| may `more `up `vor down free 'of the vrestraint of l the clamping arm I`I5, but when the stud |20.

. movesaway from the heelhand the spring |22 i' acts to turn said clamping arm, thefroller 'IIT on' said clamping arm II 5 is brought into, clampingvor binding relationship with the arcuate por- .tionv I|| of said rocking beam |0 I and holds the v said rocking beam against vthe action of its spring |09, and thereby disenables arm |05 to follow the cam |01,y as previously stated.

In the position of the typewriterfc at which line writing is .to begin (see Fig. 1), the 'synchronously movable partV 8,0 isdin the position o Vwhere it has .coactedewith the detent 65 and as-v sociated'omechanismto cut off the'motor I0.

o In the form of embodiment shown in the drawings, the stud 95 on the synchronously movable part 80 stands a short distance away from` the ,projection 96 (corresponding to a few letter spaces), and the detent 66' is held'y depressed out oi position to engage the ,arm 66 on the controller bar 55, the said controller bar 55 being in clutch and switch opening position (position shown -in Fig. 2). In this Vposition line spacing without carriage vreturn may be effected byde- 1 pressing key 50, the operation of key '50 moving controller. bars 55 to switch and clutch closing r positionitoward the left, Fig.v 2), detent 65 momentarily rising to engage the arm v|56 on the .4 v controller bar, and said detent being almost immediately disengaged by the movement of the stud 95 on the synchronously movable part against the projection '86 to depress the detent` 65 and disengage it from the arm 66, so that spring |51-V acting on the controller bar can move it to switch and clutch opening position (position shown. in Fig. 2).A Alternatively, the stud 95A on the synchronouslymovable part-80 could rest against orvonf the projection 86' in the line- CTI writing beginning position'of the carriage, ,inl

which positionline-spac-ing without carriage return can be eilected'byl depressionand release s.

VVconnections inthe illustrated embodiment being .the tape `22, drum v20l notched disk 82, starwheel 8 3, gears 8l, 85, 86 andgearteeth'l. `As

`the movement of the carriage in typing continues,

the stud 95 on the synchronously movable part -80 moves away from the projection 96=on or connected with the detent 65, the distance of move- `ment of said stud 95 away from said projection 86 being proportional to the movement of the carriage C.

i When theend of aslineof typingis reached and it is desired to return' the carriage C to linevbeginning position, the automatic full-return key lever |),isl struck. The depression of the key lever 50, through the coaction of pawl 10 and pin 1|, moves the controller bar 55 to a'. position where the detent 65 can rise and engage lthe arm 66 on the said `controller bar 55. I This movement of the controller bar 55, as heretofore described, closes the switch 40 and the clutch 30', whereupon the motor |0l is put into operation, driving the countersl'iaitAv i8 and the -drum 20, the rotation'of the drum winding the tape4 22 jthereo'nv and pulling the carriage toward the linebeginning position "(toward* the right,'Fig. 1).

During the return movement of the carriage, the synchronously vmovable part 80 of the vmotor cut-out means, moves synchronously With the the carriage (through the means4 heretofore described), and the stud 95` on said synchronous- Y 1y movable part A80 makes contact withthe projection 96 von or connected-with the detent 65 at or about the time the'carriage C` reaches its line-beginning position, which position is usually determined by the margin stop X. When, as

`here illustrated, the mechanism comprises means for automatically controlling thewimpact of the carriage ,against the margin stop under different conditions .of carriage momentum, the motor cutmomentum of the carriage, after the motor is cut out, can beutilizedto continue the movement.

ofthe carriage C for a distance 'corresponding to 'a few spaces, with theadvantage thatthe ing'distances ofr carriage` return, will now'be par--A ticularlypdescribed. I The rotation of the 4synchronously,movablev part 80, aspreviously-described, being vpropor-4 tional' `to .the carriagetravel, the part A80 will turn through .agreater or less angulardistance depending on thedistance ofthe carriagereturn movement. ,'I'hus, for example,with a nixieinch carriage thereturn of the carriage'through theA full length of the line will be approximately ninev inches. On a30-inch-carriage the carriage return distance Yfrom the end of a full line would be approximately 30k inches. Also, with a 30-inch carriage the distance of return from the middleof a full linewould be l5 inches, and -soon.v The -momentumacquired by the carriagev on the return isL diiferentuior short returndistancesthan that for k long return dstances. Withgreater momentum of ,the car'- friage the motor `can be cut off with the carriage further from the return margin stop than with 'lesser momentum, the momentum being vrelied Von tocarry the carriage tothe margin stop after y the motorhas ceased to act.

The parts comprising the cam |01, rocking beam |0| and iloatoiV through the switch andv clutch is effected at 1 varying distances of the carriage from the margin Y lstop whichdetermines the line'writingbeginning position, as has `already been described tosome extent and as will be more fully described hereinafter. K 1

Contact of the stud 95 with the projection 96 acts to releasethe controller bar 55 from the detent 65. matically compensating for varying momentums of the carriage, the action ofthe stud 95 on synchronously movable part 80 advantageously occurs a few spaces in advance of the contacting of the margin stop X with carriage stop Y. The

Even without the means for auto.

ing part 98 act automatically to cut oif the action of the motor a greater or less distance of. the carriage from themarginstop, depending on the distance from the margin stop thatthe carriage travels on its return. A Y

As the carriage moves away from the -linebeginning position under the action of the carriage. spring and the intermittently acting escapement, in the act oftyping; the synchronously movable'part 80, through the tape.y 22, drum 20, star-Wheels 82, 83 andgears Illl, `85, 86, is moved a proportional distance, moving thestud 95 thereon a correspondingly Lproportional distance'from its initial position. The cam|01 movingl with the synchronously movable part 80 acts on the arm `|05 of the'rocking beam |0I. elevating it and turning it by an amountl corresponding to the n contour of the cam. As the vrocking beam |0| the projection 96 with relation tothe initial position of the stud85.v While the carriage is advancing" in the actiof typing, the controller bar 55 is in a position for lthepin |20 thereon to act on the heel ||9 `of arm ||5vto holdthe'roller on arm I|5 out of bindingcontact with the arcuate portion' vof said rocking beam |0|. time, under the action of cam |01, the rocking beam |.0| can turn unrestrained by the clamping arm |I5. The floating part 98 is connected to the detent 66 through thepin and slot connection 99.v f

` When the carriage-return key 50 is depressed the rocking beam |,0I is4 locked-or clamped in the position to which it has been moved by the cam |01. It is held so clamped throughout the return movement of the carriagewhen the full-return key lever 50 is depressed, and while the rocking beam |0| isheld so clamped, the projection 96 onl the floating part 96 is held in the position of advance proportional to the movement of the At lthis carriage in typing, to which it has been advanced by the carriage movement. The locking or clamping of the rocking beam |9|, just stated,

is effected by the movement of the controllerbarV 55 through the action of said carriage-return key 50. Whenthe controllerbar 55 is moved under the action of key lever 50 to close the clutch 32, 34, and motor switch 00, it moves toaaoaaas wards the left (Fig. 2), carrying the pin |20 away from the heel. I I9 of clamping arm ||5 and allowing the roller on said clamping arm to move .Y under the action of its spring |09 into binding stud 95 on the synchronously movable part 80,

approaches the projection 96 in a position of greater or less advance, as heretofore explained,

with relation to the initial position of stud 95,

winds on the before the carriage starts to move. ,l ysynchronously movable part 80, being driven with the 'drum 20, therefore starts its movement ltowardL the' cut-offv position before the carriage` starts its return movement, and in consequence the `synchronously ymovable part 89 reaches cut-olf position [(stud 95 contacts with projection 96) in advance of the carriagereachl ing line-beginning position (stops Xl and Y con-y tacting) by, an amount of carriage travel vrepresented bythe aforesaid arc of Vmovement ofthel e line-spacing 'lever L.`v Thisv not only softens the impact between the margin -stopslX'and Y,but

and consequently the stud 95 strikes the projecf tion 96 before reaching its initial position, thereby opening the motor switch and clutch when the carriage on its return movement isa greater or less distance from the margin stop, depend'- j ying on the momentum of the carriage. The

momentum carries the carriage on its return movement against the margin stop afternthe motor has been cut off. The opening of themetor switch and clutch, and the cutting oif'of the motor is effected when the stud 95 strikesthe projection 96 depressing the oating partA 98, yandv thereby depressing the detent 65, through the pin and slot connection 99, releasing the arm 66 on the controller bar 55 from the detent. released, the controllery bar 55, under the action of the predominant spring 5-1, movesk the said controller bar tothe right (Fig. 2), acting to open the clutch through the action of pin 58 on forked arm 36 andto open the switch through the switch arm 4|. By the same movement of the controller Ybar-55 by which the clutch and motor switch are opened, the pin |20 strikes Vthe heel ||9 of the clamping arm |I5, and turns said arm ||5 to a position where the rocking beam |0| is released and free to turn unhampered by the said clamping means.

The momentum compensatingcut-off of the When also permits the normal operationof the'con-'gvl` troller'bar 55 under the action of-'the full-return key lever even \with' the carriage in its linebeginning position with the stops X and Yin contact.'` The movement of the tape 22'tl1rougl1l the varc of movement of Vthe line-spacing lever L allows the synchronouslymovable part 80to move suiciently for 'thefstud 95 thereonfto Vcontact 1 with the projection 96v and depress the detent to-V release the controller bar and'cut off' the'no-J c tor, and, when the' motor is released','to enable: if the said Ystud 95 to move suiciently awa'y'fromzffftheprojection 96 tonenable the -detent tolagainf- Vrise and lock (momentarily) the controller barv 55 in' switch'and clutch closingposition when the4v f full-return key lever 50 is again depressed. yWhen y the full-return key lever'50-is depressed `with the `carriage in `line-beginningposition and stops'X r and Y in contact,` it will of course be understood4 that line spacing is effected without lateral move- L ment ofthe carriage. zAlso, under these 'condi tionsV the vmotor is notstalled With current on.

, The limited-return key lever 5| Scan lbe de-`l` pressed to effect return movement of the car- Y riage.` The limited'return key lever 5| isordi- -f narily used to'effect short returnmovementsgof' kthe carriagaf,` The limited return key lever 5|,

among other uses`,vmay be used'in tabulating,

where "the typing in any-line isusually'short.

and skillful operators are able to'effectla return' oiv the typewriter carriage very close to a position thereof where typing in a 'column is 'to' begin. The limitedreturnl key lever is held depressed for the length of time it is desired-the vcarriage return mechanism to operate; lthe automatic carriage-return motor, eiected throughthe cam |01, rocking beam |0| and floating part 98 has Just been described. A cut-off of the carriage-` return motor a few letter spaces in advance of the line-beginning position has also been referred to. This may be arranged by connecting the tape 22 to the line-spacing lever L on the typewriter carriage, and setting the stud 95 on the synchronously movable .part 80 just out of contact with the projection 96 onor connected to the detent 66 when the margin stop X on the ,carriage is against the stop Y ion the typewriter frame and the line-spacing lever L free. With the parts thus arranged, the apparatus acts .to cut out the motor I0 at a position ofthe carriage somewhat in advance of its line-beginning position, i. e. before stops X and. Y can come into tape 22 first starts to pull, the line-spacing leverV L yields, and a length of tape corresponding to the length of the arcthrough which the leverL moves at thevpoint of connection to tape 22,

full-return key lever need only be kdepressed momentarily, the e carriage return mechanism thereafter'l continuing'to operate to return the carriage until the carriage is returned to its linebeginning position `(or toV -the` automatically varied cut-ofhpositions heretofore described at length), whereupon the motor is automatically lcutout. v

In the operation includes means vbyoyvhich the motor I0 may be cut out at' different positions of the carriage yC corresponding' to vdifferent line-beginning positions thereof.l Means are provided'for changing;

the position of the synchronously movable part relative to the carriageC, so that said syn` chronously movable partv 80 may be set forwardV or backward to begin movement in synchronismv with the carriage C, at different distances from the initial position vof stud 95, corresponding to 'of typewriters, vthelinebeginning position is often set at different Aposi-il tions of thecarriage C.- Thel present invention thereby allow the synchronously movable part 80, and the stud 95 thereon, when the teeth 81 are so disengaged from the gear 86 to be moved pivoted at |39 and having a pin and slot con-l nection tothe key lever |30, as indicated at lll, I 42. The slot |42 allows a short movement of the key lever |30 before movement is imparted to the lever |31, and thereby moderates the force with which the teeth 86, 81 engage and disengage. The position of the teeth 86, 81 in engagement, at the pitch circle may be nicely ad- Justed by means of an adjustable stop i acting on the lever |1111.- A spring |41 acts onfthe pivoted arm |31 in a direction to normally press by moving the carriage C to the new position at which typing is to begin, 'releasing line-spacing lever L and then depressing the reset key lever |30. When the teeth 81 on the part 80 are disengaged from the gear'86, the spring |50 acts to move the synchronously movable part 80 to va position where the stud 95 thereon is in its initial position with relation to the projection 96.' This is the position of adjacency just described, corresponding to the arc of movement of the line-spacing lever to which the tape 22 the lever to the position where the teeth 81 on the: synchronously movable part 8||v engage the teeth 86.

Means are also advantageously provided for automatically bringing the synchronously movable part80 and the stud 95 thereon tothe initial position when the key lever is depressed. These means may comprise a spring at- :ached at one end to the lever |31, as indicated at |52, and at its other end to a stud posi'- tioned eccentrically on the synchronously movable part 80. While the teeth 81 on the synchronously movable part 80 are in engagement with gear 86, the spring |50 readily yields to permit movement ofthe said part 80. If, however, the said part 80 and the stud 95 thereon is in any other position than its initial position (see Fig. 2), when the reset'key lever |30 is depressed the teeth 81 on the part 80 are disengaged from gear 86 and the spring |50 will act on the part 80 to bring it to its initial position. That is, the stud 95 on the synchronously movable part 80 is brought to a position adjacent the projection 96 Aon or connected to the detent 65, the adjacency corresponding to the movement of the synchronously movable part 80 corresponding to the line-spacing movement of the line-spacing lever Lto which the tape 22 is connected. That is, with the' stud 95 in its initial position adjacent the projection 96, the said stud 95 is movable by an amount to contact with and depress the projection 98 in the amount of movement of the tape 22- which corresponds to the arc of movement of the line spacing lever VL in.

line spacing. VAs the line-Spacing lever L is moved asin line spacing, thefstud95 moves to f depress projection 96, and as the line-spacing lever L movesV to its initial position when re-` leased, the stud 95 on the -synchronously movable Vpart 80 through the pull of Ythe tape, moves to its position of adjacency to the projection 96, which is the initial position when the car-- riage-return mechanism is connected to the carriage through the line-spacing lever L.`

With the construction thus described, when it is desired to change the position at which the carriage-return motor is cut out` on the return movement of the carriage C, so as to change the line-beginning position of the carriage, this change may be readily and conveniently effected is connected. The reset lever |30 is then released, whereupon the teeth 81 re-engagethe gear 86. The synchronously movable, part is now set v(or reset to effect the cut oitoi,r .the

motor i0 at the `new line-beginning position.

The carriage C may be set vat any position corresponding to any desired line-beginning position, and, by resetting the synchronously movable part 80 in the manner heretofore described, the automatic cut-out of the motor I0 and the stopping of the carriage at any new line-beginning position may be effected.

As a result, the stopping conditions are `alike I for each line-beginning position. That is, the

stopping conditions are I,the same whether `the margin stop is set to allow the full extent of movement in the right-hand direction, or whether it is set to allow the carriage to move any less part of its Yfull extent of movement, as one-half, one-third, one-fourth, etc.- Also the stopping conditions are the same for these diierent margin-stop positions, when the distance away from the stopping-position at which the carriage return is initiated is the same. The advance of the motor cut-off is the same when the carriage return Yis initiated twenty spaces away (for example) from a line-beginning posltion o1 the carriage'half-way of its full extent of movement able part 80 in a plane parallel and adjacent to f the plane of` the'controller bar 55. The arrangement of the star-wheels 82, 83 applies the torque of the counter shaft I8 to`V the reduction gears and synchronously movable parts at a degree angle an'd'favors said compact arrangement.

Rsum of operation This resum is made with reference to the specific embodiment illustrated inthe drawings.`

The operator determines the position of the carriage C at which the IineOttyping is to begin, and `ordinarily makes use of the scale S on the typewriter carriage. This point may be any number of spaces to the right of the zero point on the scale. The adjustable margin stop X is set at the point on the scale where it is desired that the line of typing is to begin. The carriage C is then moved manually to bring the margin stop X against the carriage stop Y. In this positionV the operator presses the key on the reset` key lever |30. This action'disengages the teeth 81 on the synchronously movable part 80 from the gear 86, and, when the synchronously movable part 80 is disengaged, the spring |50 acts on the part 80 to turn it to its initialposition, that is,

Ywhere the stud 94 thereon is in its position of the arc of movement of the line-spacing lever L, to which the tape 22 is connected. The reset lever |30 isthen released so that the teeth 81 on the part 80 may re-engage the gear 80. The operator then Vmanipulates the .typebar keys to write a line andthe carriage C advances to the left in Fig. 1 under the action of the carriage feed spring and the typewriter escapement. The carriage C in moving to the left actsron the drum 20 through the tape 22 in clockwise direction, and the movement of the drum 20 through the action of the star-wheels 82, 83' and reduction gearing 84, 85; 86 turns the synchronously movable part 80 ina'A direction to carry the studI 95 away from the projection 96 on or connected to the detent 65, andthe extent of movement of the stud Y95 away fr om the' projection 96 is proportional to the movement of the carriage in line writing, and likewise proportional to the movement apart of the stops X and Y. The drum 20 is normally v under a light counter-clockwise tension, which is Y just sufficient to take the slack out of the tape 30, thus connecting themotor tothe drum 20 which carries the tape 22 which isconnected to .the typewriter C, the said connection ink Vthe illustrated embodiment being to the line-spacing lever L which acts to turn the platen one or more spaces, according to the desired distance between the lines of typewriting.

' While the controller bar 55 vis heldrby the detent 65 the motor rotates the countershaft |0 and the drum 20 thereof, and the tape 22 wind'- ing on .the drum 20 exerts a pull on the carriage C in the carriage-return direction. Thedrum. j

22 winds on the drum 20a distance 'icorrespond- `ing to the length of the arc of movement of the Y shift lever atthe point where the tape 22 is contion 95 under the line-writing movement of the carriage -(through the tape 22, star-wheels and gears) the cam |01 moves with the said synchronously movable part 80. As the cam |01 turns, as thus stated, it lifts the arm |05 of the rocking beam by an amount corresponding to the angular movement of said part 80 and the contour of the cam |01. During this time the clamping means ||3 is held out of binding contact with the arcuate portion by the action of the pin |20 on the rcontroller bar 55 against the heel ||9 on the clamping arm ||5. The liftingmovement of the arm of the rocking beam |0| advances the floating part 98 carrying the projection 96 in the direction of the return movement of' the stud 95, that is, .forward with relation to the initial'position of said stud v95. The floating part 98 is connected tothe detent 65 through the pin and slot connection `99.

When the end of the lineis reached and the operator desires to return thecarriage kto linebeginning position, the automatic full-return key the lever 50 is to move the controller bar 55 to a position where the detent 65 engages the arm 66 on the controller bar 55 and holds the controller bar l55 against the action of its predominant spring 51. The movement of the controller bar 55, as just described, carries the pin nected thereto. During thistime the stud 95 on the synchronously movable part 80 is moving toward the detent 05 a distance in proportion'to the length of the tape 22 wound on the drum 20.

Aduring the movement of the shift lever L.` During this time, also, the carriage C standsr still,and

the synchronously movable part 80has a lead Y or advance over 4the carriage on its return movement, which, translated into spaces on the scale AS, is ordinarily a distance of a few letter` spaces..

` When the shift lever L reaches the endv of` its turning movement under'the pull of the tape 22,'

the return movement of Ythe carriage C begins, -i During the return movement of the carriage,1it

and the synchronously movable part 80 move in synchronism, with-a small lead in favor of the,V`

synchronously movable part. y

When -thestud95 on the synchronously j tionY 96 on or connectedcwith` the detent"65, the

" vcontroller barn-55. YWhen so disengaged thegconlever 50,is depressed and released.' The action of thereon away from the heel ||9 on the clampingV arm ||5 and allows the roller ||1 to move into locking or clamping relation to the arcuate portion on the rocking beam |9I, under the action of the spring |22. The clamping or locking action of the arm I|5 holds the rocking beam |0| in the position to which it had been moved by the action of the cam |01 on the arm |05. The projection 96 on the floating part 98 is likewise locked in the position to which it had been advanced by the rocking beam |0|. Y

The action of the controller bar when the key lever 50 is depressed, and during the time it troller bar k5 .ii`1nder the influence of its predom` inant spring 51, movesy to the right (Fig. 2) ,l turning the clutch lever 36 to disengage theparts 32, 34 of clutch 30 and lto release the arm 4| of the `switch40,'so that the spring 04 acting'on the switch arm 4I moves the switch to open' position and opens the circuit to the motor I0. At v this timeV the return movement of the carriage C has-not been completed owing to the leadof` Vthe synchronously movable part over the care. riage on thereturn movement, and owing to theimomentum compensatingV advance of the projection 96 carriedby the floating part 90 attached 1 to the rocking beam Y| 0|, but the carriage C has a momentum which is sufcient to bring the stop X on the carriage Vagainst the stopY on the frame.V The compensation effected 'by the advance of the projection 96 brings about the result W i l that the momentum remaining in the `carriage at the time of the motor cut-off, irrespective'of.

the amount of momentum inthe carriage at that Y. time, suffers such a loss between the time'lofgthe i motor cut-off and the time the'` stops X vand Y make contact, that the contact of said stops X and Y is always mild, and substantially or aliilfoxi-` mately uniform. As previously described, the advance of the projection 96k onethe floating part 98 connected to the rocking beam |0`|` is greater and greater as the distance of the carriage return is greater anr greater, as deter-l mined by the angular movement of they Sym and thereby engage the parts 32,V 36 of the'clutchY mov-'f Y fable part 80 comes-into; contact withthe projec' the clampingarm ||5, moving it down to a position where the rocking beam is released, and

V4freeto move. When free to move, its spring |09 pulls the arm down into contact with cam |01, and the'rocking beam |0| is thereupon free to move under the action of the cam |01 until the clamping means ||3 is again brought into clamping relation with the arcuate portion through the action of the controller bar 55 following the actuation oi the latter by the key lever 5,0

When it is desiredto return the carriage a short distance within its lull-return movement, the limited-return key lever 5| may be depressed. The return movement of the carriage continues as long as the limited-return key lever 5| is held in its depressed position. In its depressed position the limited-retum Vkey lever 5| moves the v'cmitroller bar 55 to switch and clutch closing position through its contact with the` pin 13. The

lprojection15jon the limited-return key lever 5| ,prevents the detent 55 from rising to engage the .armj on the controller bar 55, and, when the 'limited-,return key lever is released, the controller bary 55 is immediately free to act under :the influence of its predominant spring 51 to disengage the clutch and open the switch 40. When the motor |0 is disconnected through the clutch 40, the carriage C may be manipulated by hand with the same freedom and completeness Aas without the automatic carriage return mechanism.`

f The invention Vmay receive other embodiments than that herein specifically illustrated and described.

What is claimed is: 1In automatic return mechanism for typewriter carriages. comprising a motor having a connection to a typewriter carriage, means for` putting the motor in operation to effect return movement of the carriage, and means for automatically cutting oi the operation of the motor `on the return movement of the carriage; automatic cutting-ofi means comprising a toothed part oil the carriage movable in synchronism therewith, a gear for driving said toothed part in synchronism with the carriage, means for disconnecting and reengaging said synchronously movable toothed part and driving gear to change e Vthe position of the synchronously movable part relative to the carriage for each diiTerent-linebeginning position of the carriage to set the synchronously movable part to begin movement in synchronism with the carriage from anV initial position which is the same for each line-beginning position, and a motor` cut-o, said Asynchronously movable part being constructed and arranged to cooperate on its return movement with said motor cut-on, to actuate said` motor cut-off to cut off the motor at a position of the synchronously movable part corresponding approximately to the chosen position of the carriage at which line-writing is to begin.

v2. In automatic mechanism for typewriter carmovable part being pivotally mounted, and said automatic cutting-ofi means iurther comprising gearing, including said driving gear, between said ,means Ior automatically moving the synchronously movable part to its aforesaid initial position, for changes in the line-beginning position i of the carriage.

4. In automaticl return mechanism for typewriter carriages according to claim 1, whereint said synchronously movable part is a rotatable part, and said automatic cutting-off means further comprises an arm on which said rotatable synchronously movable part is mounted, said arm being movable to bring said synchronously movable part into and out of engagement with the gear which drives it, so that the synchronously movable part may be re-set to its aforesaid initial position to begin movement in synchronism with the carriage, for changes in the linebeginning position of the carriage. Y

V5. In Yautomatic return mechanism for typewriter carriages, comprising a motor having a connection to a typewriter carriage, means for starting the operation of the motor to eiect return movement of the carriage, including a keylever, and means for automatically cutting oil the operation of the motor on the returnv movement of the carriage; automatic cutting-oi! means comprising a part oil the carriage movable in synchronism therewith, reduction gearing for reducing the movement of the synchronously movable part in relation to the carriage movement,

a motor switch and a motor clutch, a biased controller coacting with said switch andclutch,

and a detent for holding saidcontroller in' switchclosing and clutch-closingV position, said` synchronously movable part being vconstructed and arranged to coact withsaid detent to actuate it to release the controller, andA thereby openthe switch and the clutch, to cut o the motor, at a position of the synchronously movable part corresponding approximately to a predetermined position oi the carriage at which line-writing is to begin, said biased controller being so constructed and related to the key-lever of the motor starting means as to be movable by said key-lever -to a position to be engaged by said detent, and

means for changing the position of the synchronously movable part relative to the carriage for each different line-beginning position oi the carriage to set the synchronously movable part to begin movement in synchronism with the vcarriage from an initial positionwhich is the same riages according to claim l, said synchronously for each line-beginning position.

6. In automaticreturn mechanisml for type-j writer carriages according to claim 5, wherein l said controller is in the form of a bar, and said synchronously movable part, said detent, and

said key-lever coacting therewith are arranged parallel to said bar. -Y

7. In automatic return mechanism for typewriter carriages according to'claim 1, said automatic cutting-oil. means further comprising means actuated by said vsynchronously movable' distances.

8. In automatic return mechanism for typewriter carriages according to claim 1, said automatic cutting-of! means further comprising means actuated by said synchronously movable part for advancing the cutting-01T action of said motor cut-oir, in relation to the distance which the carriage travels from line-beginning position and hence the distance of the carriage return,

so that the motor is cut of! sooner when the carriage return distance is long than at shorter distances, and means for holding said advanc-` ing means, during the return' of the carriage, in the position to which it has been advanced.

9. In automatic return mechanism for typewriter carriages according to claim 1, said automatic cutting-oil means further comprising means actuated by said synchronously movable part for advancing the cutting-oil action of said motor cut-oi in relation` to the distance which the carriage travels from line-beginning position, said synchronously movable part having a cam thereon and said means for advancing the cutting-off action of said motor cut-oft comprising a rocking part coacting with said cam.

10. In automatic return mechanism for typesaid controller in switch and clutch closing position during the return of the carriage by said motor, a part movable in synchronism with the'V carriage, coacting parts associated with saidsynleasing said controller from said detent, a rocking part, a ioating part connected to said rocking part and to said detent and having thereon said coacting part associated with the detent, a cam actuated bythe carriage for turning said rocking part during the movement of said carriage from its line-beginning position and advancing said floating part and the coacting part thereon in the direction of the return movement o f the coacting part associated with said synchronously movable part, means for clamping said rocking part, means on said controller for holding said clamping means out of action in the switch and clutch opening position of said controller'corresponding to the period oi advance of said oating part and for releasing said clamping means to act to hold said oating part in its vposition of advance in the switch and clutch closing position of said controller correspondingV to the period of action of said motor to return said carriage, said cam and rocking .part acting to increase the advance of the iloating part and the coacting part thereon with increase of the carriage movement away from line-beginning position and said coacting parts on the return movement o f the carriage consequently acting to release said controller from said detent and cut oil said motor sooner when the carriage return distance is long than at shorter distances.

FREDERIC w. LE PoRIN. 

